The word ‘Stoma’ comes from classical Greek, meaning mouth or opening.
A stoma is formed by a section of bowel being brought out through an opening in the abdomen then folded back and stitched in place, much like a shirt cuff. There are no nerve endings in a stoma and therefore it is not painful to touch.
Stomas can be temporary or permanent, that will depend on your individual diagnosis, all options will be discussed with you prior to surgery.
Loop Stoma
A loop stoma is more likely to be temporary and will be formed using a loop of bowel that is split and turned back and stitched in place it may be held in place with a bridge or rod. A loop stoma is more likely to be oval in shape.
End Stoma
Formed with the end of the bowel brought out of the abdomen, folded over and stitched in place. An end stoma would be expected to be circular in shape.
Types of Stoma
Colostomy
A Colostomy is formed using the large bowel or colon, ideally protruding from the abdomen by approx. 5mm. Output is expected to be formed stool as most, if not all stages of digestion have been completed. A Colostomy is likely to be formed on the left side of the abdomen.
Ileostomy
An Ileostomy is formed using the small bowel or ileum. An Ileostomy should be spouted protruding from the body by approx. 25mm. Output is expected to be looser due to the diversion from the large bowel where a lot of the digestive absorption takes place, this will depend on what has been eaten; medications and ongoing treatment. An Ileostomy is likely to be formed on the right side of the abdomen.
Urostomy
A Urostomy is formed to divert urine from the body, it may also be known as an Ileal-Conduit. A Urostomy should be spouted protruding from the body by approx. 25mm. Output will be urine and a small amount of mucus. A Urostomy is likely to be formed on the right side of the abdomen.
** If you have any questions regarding your surgery please contact your Stoma Care Nurse.